On the back of an (AV) amplifier or a compact system, you will usually find numerous connections whose purpose is not immediately clear to non-experts. However, once you know a few basic terms and can distinguish between a few cable types, the whole thing already looks much less complicated. In addition, with a bit of extra knowledge, completely new possibilities may open up: for example, when you realize that you could have connected the old cassette deck to the stereo system long ago. We explain the AUX connection and other types of connections on the amplifier.
The AUX connection (input or output)
Interfaces labeled AUX (short for English auxiliary) were among the very first interfaces and are still widespread today. Simply put, these are analog audio inputs or outputs to which you can connect playback or recording devices of your choice. This can be an old cassette deck to revive long-forgotten musical treasures, or a more modern playback device such as an MP3 player or a smartphone.
The most common AUX connections are in the RCA format. Mini-jack connections are also frequently found. An adapter cable, as shown in the following image, acts as an audio adapter between mini-jack and RCA.
Opens in new tabAUX outputs are also often found in the RCA format. External recording devices or active speakers are connected here. For the subwoofer, there is usually a dedicated output on the receiver’s rear panel as well. It is often labeled “Sub out” and is typically connected using a mono RCA cable.
Connecting a turntable to the system – which cable?
Connecting turntables is usually a bit more complicated. They can technically be connected to an amplifier without special cables, but it is questionable whether they will actually work. Often the signal from the devices is too weak, so you will only hear a few quiet noises – if anything at all.
The solution is provided by a preamplifier. This can either be integrated into the turntable itself or be part of the amplifier. If the preamplifier is built into the turntable, you can easily use the AUX connection on the amplifier. If it is built into the amplifier, you will find a so-called phono input next to the AUX input, to which turntables without an integrated preamplifier must be connected. If neither the amplifier nor the turntable has an integrated preamplifier, you will need to use a phono preamplifier.
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Line In with different labels
Some manufacturers add to the confusion by using numerous different labels for the audio inputs on their devices. As a result, there may be inputs on the amplifier labeled “Line In”, “CD”, or “Tuner”. But don’t worry: all of these inputs are basically AUX connections, with the sole exception of the phono input mentioned above. The different labels primarily serve to organize the individual devices. This way, you can later quickly switch to the corresponding channel and have exactly the device selected that is connected to the respective input.
Digital alternatives
Most of the audio inputs we have discussed so far are analog connections. However, there are also – especially on current models – digital audio inputs. For example, an input for a coaxial cable or a TOSLINK input.
Analog devices cannot be connected to digital audio inputs, only sources with a digital output. Therefore, this input is not suitable for use with an MP3 player or another analog source. However, it is ideal for all digital sources, such as a game console. These are usually connected via HDMI, but a connection via a TOSLINK cable is also possible. Anyone who has installed a high-quality sound card in their computer will usually also find a TOSLINK or coaxial output there. This is often the best way to connect a computer to the amplifier.
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Conclusion: The AUX connection is usually your best friend
What may seem confusing at first glance turns out to be far less complicated once a few basic terms have been clarified.
- An AUX connection is an analog audio input.
- Which cable fits the respective AUX input depends on the connected device. The different labels on the receiver are helpful.
- Digital audio inputs such as TOSLINK or HDMI can only be fed by devices with a corresponding output.
Frequently asked questions about AUX
The AUX port (short for “auxiliary”) is an analog audio input or output that lets you connect external devices like smartphones, MP3 players, CD players, or cassette decks to an amplifier or audio system. It’s especially versatile and widely used, usually in RCA or 3.5 mm jack format.
AUX and Line-In are high-level inputs that receive pre-amplified signals—for example from CD players or smartphones. Phono is a low-level input specifically for turntables without a built-in preamp. It needs extra amplification and RIAA equalization before the signal is audible.
Only if the turntable has a built-in preamp. Otherwise, the signal is too weak and you’ll barely hear anything. In that case, you need to connect it to a phono input or use an external preamp between the turntable and AUX.
Depending on the device, you’ll need either a 3.5 mm jack cable, an RCA cable, or an adapter between the two formats. For modern smartphones without a headphone jack, USB-to-jack adapters or Bluetooth transmitters are a solution.
Yes. Long or low-quality cables can cause interference or loss of quality. For the best sound, it’s recommended to use short, high-quality audio cables with good shielding.
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